Adds the two operands and returns the result. If at least one operand is a string, this operator returns a concatenated string.

Example: =[Amount]+[VAT amount]

In this example, the [Amount] and [VAT amount] values are used as operands.

Subtracts the second operand from the first.

Example: =[Amount]-[Cash discount]

In this example, the [Amount] and [Cash discount] values act as operands.

Multiplies the two operands.

Example: =[Chargeable amount]*0.03

In this example, the [Chargeable Amount] value and the number 0.03 serve as operands.

Yields the quotient of the operands, which is the first operand divided by the second.

Example: =[Amount]/[Rate reciprocal]

In this example, the [Amount] and [Rate reciprocal] values are the first and second operands.

Divides the first integer operand by the second integer operand and returns the remainder, rounded to the nearest integer.

Example: =[Volume] Mod [Conversion factor]

In this example, the [Volume] and [Conversion factor] values are used as operands.

Performs logical conjunction on two Boolean expressions: returns True if and only if both expressions evaluate to True; in other cases, returns False.

Example: =[Hold] And [Validate control totals on entry]

In this example, the [Hold] and [Validate control totals on entry] check boxes are used as operands.

Performs logical disjunction on two Boolean expressions: returns True if at least one expression evaluates to True; returns False if neither expression evaluates to True.

Example: =[Hold] Or [Validate control totals on entry] In this example, the [Hold] and [Validate control totals on entry] check boxes act as operands.

Performs logical negation on a Boolean expression: returns True if and only if the operand is False. Logical negation is an unary operator.

Example: =Not [Hold documents on entry]

In this example, the [Hold documents on entry] check box is used as the single operand.

Returns True if operands are equal.

Example: =([Credit total] = [Control total])

In this example, the [Credit total] and [Control total] values are used as operands.

Returns True if operands are not equal.

Example: =([Credit total] <> [Debit total])

In this example, the [Credit total] and [Debit total] values act as operands.

Returns True if the first operand is less than the second one.

Example: =([DocDate] < [DueDate])

In this example, the [DocDate] and [DueDate] values act as operands.

Returns True if the first operand is greater than the second one.

Example: =([CrLmt] > 1000])

In this example, the [CrLmt] value is used as the first operand, and the number 1000 acts as the second operand.

Returns True if the first operand is less than or equal to the second operand.

Example: =(([DueDate]-[CashDiscountDate]) <= [LeadTime])

In this example, [DueDate] - [CashDiscountDate] is the first operand, and the [LeadTime] value is used as the second operand.

Returns True if the first operand is greater than or equal to the second operand.

Example: =([Balance] => [Amount])

In this example, the [Balance] and [Amount] values are used as operands.

An operator that returns True if the second operand (a string) contains the first operand (which is also a string).

Example: =('Inc.' In [Supplier name])

In this example, the [Supplier name] value is used as an operand, and the formula returns True if the name of the supplier contains Inc.

A binary constant used as an operand in logical expressions.

Example: =True

A binary constant used as an operand in logical expressions.

Example: =False

A special value used as an operand in logical expressions; designates an undefined value.

Example: =Null

Converts the expression used as the function argument into a Boolean expression. Returns False if the Boolean value is zero; otherwise, returns True.

Example: =CBool([CashDiscountAmount]

Here [CashDiscountAmount] is used as the function argument.

Converts the expression used as the function argument into a value of the Date type. The argument should be a valid date expression according to the locale selected for the import or export scenario.

Example: =CDate('24/12/2011')

Here a string is used as the function argument.

Converts the expression used as the function argument into a string. If the argument is Null, the function returns a run-time error; otherwise, it returns a string.

Example: ='(' +CStr([AreaCode])+')'+CStr([Phone])

Here [AreaCode] and [Phone] are used in the function argument.

Converts the expression defined in the function argument into a value of the Double type.

Example: =CDbl(1.0/[ExchangeRate])

Here [ExchangeRate] is used in the function argument.

Converts the expression used as the function argument into a value of the Single type. If the expression has a value outside the acceptable range for the Single type, this function returns an error.

Example: =CSng([CashDiscountAmount]/[DocAmount])

Here [CashDiscountAmount] and [DocAmount] are used in the function argument.

Converts the expression used as the function argument into a value of the Decimal type.

Example: =CDec([DocAmount]*0.015)

Here [DocAmount] is used in the function argument.

Converts the expression used as the function argument into a value of the Integer type.

Example: =CInt('2012')-Year([DocDate])

Here [DocDate] is used in the function argument.

Converts a numeric value to a value of the Short type.

Example: =CShort([CashDiscountAmount])

Here [CashDiscountAmount] is used as the function argument.

Converts a numeric value to a value of the Long type.

Example: =CLong([CashDiscountAmount])

Here [CashDiscountAmount] is used as the function argument.

Removes all leading spaces or parsing characters from the specified string, or all leading zero bytes (0) from the specified binary expression.

Example: =LTrim(CStr([Phone]))

Here [Phone] is used as the function argument.

Removes all trailing spaces or parsing characters from the specified character expression, or all trailing zero (0) bytes from the specified binary expression.

Example: =RTrim(CStr([AreaCode]))

Here [AreaCode] is used as the function argument.

Removes all leading and trailing spaces or parsing characters from the specified character expression, or all trailing zero (0) bytes from the specified binary expression.

Example: =Iif(Trim([Country])

Here [Country] is used in the function argument.

Replaces the format item in a specified formatting string ( format ) with the text equivalent of the arguments ( arguments ).

Example: =Format('Currency:........ {0:C}; Account:........ {1:N}', [Currency], [AccountBalance])

Here [Currency] and [AccountBalance] are used in the function argument; 0 and 1 are the specifiers indicating where the arguments will be inserted, C is the currency format specifier, and N is the number format specifier.

Returns a string that has been converted to uppercase. The string argument can be any valid string expression. If string contains Null, Null is returned.

Example: =UCase([CustomerName])

Here [CustomerName] is used as the function argument.

Returns a string that has been converted to lowercase. The string argument can be any valid string expression. If string contains Null, Null is returned.

Example: =LCase(CStr([CustomerID])

Here [CustomerID] is used in the function argument.

Returns the position of the first occurrence of one string ( findString ) within another ( string ).

Example: =InStr([CustomerName], 'Inc')

Here [CustomerName] is used in the function argument.

Returns the position of the last occurrence of one string ( findString ) within another ( string ).

Example: =InStrRev([CustomerName], 'Inc')

Here [CustomerName] is used in the function argument.

Returns an integer containing either the number of characters in the string or the nominal number of bytes required to store a variable.

Example: =Len([CustomerName])

Here [CustomerName] is used as the function argument.

Returns a string containing the specified number of characters from the left side of a string. If string contains Null, Null is returned.

Example: =Left(Trim([VendorName]), 10)

Here [VendorName] is used in the function argument.

Returns a string containing a specified number of characters from the right side of a string. If string contains Null, Null is returned.

Example: =Right(CustomerName, 3)

Here [CustomerName] is used in the function argument.

Returns a string in which the specified substring ( oldValue ) has been replaced with another substring ( newValue ).

Example: =Replace([Description], 'rur', 'eur')

Here [Description] is used in the function argument.

Right-aligns the characters in a specified string (string), padding with the specified character (paddingChar) on the left up to the specified total width (width). If the actual length of the string is less than the specified width, returns the original string.

Example: =PadLeft(CStr(Phone), 12, '_')

Here [Phone] is used in the function argument. If the actual length of the string is less than the specified width, returns the original string.

Left-aligns the characters in a specified string ( string ), padding with the specified character ( paddingChar ) on the right up to the specified total width ( width ).

Example: =PadRight(CStr([City]), 25, '_')

Here [City] is used in the function argument. If the actual length of the string is less than the specified width, returns the original string.

Returns the absolute value of the number.

Example: =Abs([TotalDebit]-[TotalCredit])

Here [TotalDebit] and [TotalCredit] are used in the function argument.

Returns the largest integer that is not greater than the argument.

Example: =Floor([Price]/([Cost])

Here [Price] and [Cost] are used in the function argument.

Returns the smallest integer that is not less than the argument.

Example: =Ceiling([Price]/[Cost])

Here [Cost] and [Price] are used in the function argument.

Returns a numeric expression, rounded to the specified precision ( decimals ).

Example: =Round(([Price]-[Cost])/[Cost], 2)

Here [Cost] and [Price] are used in a function argument, and 2 is the number of decimal places.

Returns the smaller of the two values.

Example: =Min([Price],[Cost])

Here [Cost] and [Price] are used in the function argument.

Returns the greater of the two values.

Example: =Max({StandardCost],[AvrCost])

Here [StandardCost] and [AvrCost] are used in the function argument.

Computes the value of x raised to the specified power ( power ).

Example: =Pow(([Markup], 2))

Here [Markup] is used in the function argument; the function returns the mark-up value squared (or to the second power).

Returns the current date and time according to the system date and time on the local computer.

Example: =Now()

Returns the current date according to the system date and time on the local computer.

Example: =Today()

Returns the current date and time according to the user’s time zone.

The system gets the user’s time zone from the following sources, which are ordered by the priority from the highest to the lowest:

1. User’s preferences specified in the User profile (SP203010) window.
2. The employee calendar specified in the Work calendar (CS209000) window and selected for the user’s employee in the Employees (EP203000) window.

Example: =NowUTC()

Returns the current date according to the user’s time zone.

The system gets the user’s time zone from the following sources, which are ordered by the priority from the highest to the lowest:

1. User’s preferences specified in the User profile (SP203010) window.

2. The employee calendar specified

1. The employee calendar specified in the Work calendar (CS209000) window and selected for the user's employee in the Employees (EP203000) window.

Example: =TodayUTC()

Returns a new date calculated by adding the specified number ( nbr ) of time intervals ( int ) to the date ( dt ). The int argument specifies the type of time interval and is one of the following options:

yyyy

A number ( nbr ) of years will be added to the specified date ( dt ).

m

A number ( nbr ) of months will be added to the specified date ( dt ).

y

Same as d; see below.

d

A number ( nbr ) of days will be added to the specified date ( dt ).

h

A number ( nbr ) of hours will be added to the specified date ( dt ).

n

A number ( nbr ) of minutes will be added to the specified date ( dt ).

s

A number ( nbr ) of seconds will be added to the specified date ( dt ).

Examples:

• =DateAdd([StartPeriod], 'm', 12)
• =DateAdd([CashDiscountDate], 'd', -2)

In these examples, [CashDiscountDate] and [StartPeriods] are used in the function arguments.

Returns the year, as an integer, extracted from the specified date ( date ).

Example: =Year([StartPeriod])

Here [StartPeriod] is used as the function argument.

Returns the month, as an integer, extracted from the specified date ( date ).

Example: =Month([StartPeriod])

Here [StartPeriod] is used as the function argument.

Returns the day (as an integer) extracted from the specified date ( date ).

Example: =Iif(Day([DueDate]-[LeadTime])=0, True, False

Here [DueDate] and [LeadTime] are used in the function argument.

Returns the day of the week associated with the specified date ( date ) as an integer.

Example: =DayOfWeek([StartPeriod])

Here [StartPeriod] is used as the function argument.

Returns the day of the year calculated for the specified date ( date ).

Example: =DayOfYear([StartPeriod])

Here [StartPeriod] is used as the function argument.

Returns the number of minutes extracted from the specified date ( date ).

Example: =Minute([StartPeriod])

Here [StartPeriod] is used as the function argument.

Returns the seconds extracted from the specified date ( date ) as an integer.

Example: =Second([StartPeriod])

Here [StartPeriod] is used as the function argument.

Returns one of two values, depending on the evaluation of the expression: If the expression evaluates to True, the function returns the truePart value; otherwise, it returns the falsePart value.

Example: =IIf(([CurrencyID]='', 'USD', [CurrencyID])

Here [CurrencyID] is used in the function argument.

Returns the value value_n that corresponds to the first expression expression_n that evaluates to True. expression_1, expression_2, and so on are Boolean expressions.

Example: =Switch(([DocAmount]<100), 'small', (([DocAmount]>=100)And([DocAmount]<500)), 'medium',(([DocAmount]>=500)And([DocAmount]<1000)),'large')

Here [DocAmount] is used in the function argument.

Replaces NULL with the specified replacement value. The value argument is to be checked for NULL.

Example: =IsNull([CustomerID],'NULL value') Here, [CustomerID] is used in the function argument.

Calculates the hash string for the specified string.

Example: =Provider.CalculateHash([CUSTOMER ID] + [INVOICE REF NBR] + [LINE NBR])

In this example, the hash string is calculated for the string that contains concatenated values of the [CUSTOMER ID], [INVOICE REF NBR], and [LINE NBR] fields.

Calculates the hash code (which is an Integer value) for the specified string.

Example: =Provider.CalculateHash([CUSTOMER ID] + [INVOICE REF NBR] + [LINE NBR])

In this example, the hash code is calculated for the string that contains concatenated values of the [CUSTOMER ID], [INVOICE REF NBR], and [LINE NBR] fields.